Posted on June 1, 2011 by Anthony Lake

Supreme Court Declines to Hear Conrad Black's Appeal of His Two Remaining Convictions

The U.S. Supreme Court yesterday denied the petition for certiorari by former international media mogul, Canadian citizen and British Lord, Conrad Moffat Black, as reported in the Washington Post.

Mr. Black was the CEO of Hollinger International, Inc., which owned newspapers worldwide. He was indicted (in an indictment made available by FindLaw which may be viewed here) with other officers and employees of Hollinger in the Northern District of Illinois in November of 2005 on 11 counts, in an original indictment which charged mail fraud conspiracy, wire fraud conspiracy and substantive counts of mail and wire fraud. The counts all referenced the "honest services" fraud statute, 18 United States Code section 1346. Testifying to the vigorousness of his defense, on July of 2007, a jury acquitted Mr. Black on 9 counts but convicted him on three others.

Mr. Black then challenged his convictions on appeal. In June of last year, the Supreme Court handed down its three "honest services" decisions, Skilling v. U.S., Black v. U.S., and Weyrauch v. U.S. In Skilling, the main decision involving former Enron President Jeffrey Skilling, the Court rejected the old "intangible right" to an employee's honest services theory and held that, in order to avoid being unconstitutionally vague, section 1346 applies to bribery or kickback schemes, and not to mere self-dealing by an employee. In Mr. Black's case, the Court unanimously held that the jury had not been properly instructed on honest services fraud at trial, and vacated his convictions and remanded. Then in October of last year, the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, in an opinion authored by distinguished Judge Richard Posner, struck two of the three remaining counts against Mr. Black, leaving him convicted on a single fraud count and a count for obstruction of justice. Mr. Black again appealed these two remaining convictions to the Seventh Circuit, which upheld them last December, and then to the Supreme Court, which has now declined to review them. Mr. Black is scheduled to be resentenced on June 24.

Source: McLean's.ca

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Posted on July 6, 2010 by Anthony Lake

Acquittals in Ponzi Prosecution Across the Pond: Jury Acquits Imperial Consolidated Execs Fraser and Brook

UK citizens Lincoln Julian Fraser and Jared Bentley Brook, former executives with the Imperial Consolidated Group (ICG) were acquitted today at the Old Bailey at the conclusion of a nearly nine month trial, according to the Guardian and the Telegraph. The jury acquitted Mr. Fraser and Mr. Brook of one count of conspiracy to defraud, and deadlocked over another conspiracy charge and a fraudulent trading charge. 

The fraud charged against Mr. Fraser, Mr. Brook, ICG (headquartered on a Royal Air Force base in Lincolnshire, England, with offices in Europe, Australia and the Caribbean) and others, involved offshore investments in South American mining operations and havens such as the British Virgin Islands and Greneda, in what has been alleged to be Britain's largest Ponzi scheme. From 1998 through 2002, approximately 3,000 investors around the world invested nearly £253 with ICG on the promise of high-yield returns of up to 36 percent and "total asset protection." The loss to investors is alleged to be £150 million. One investor alone, Yuichi Yoshida of Japan, invested £16.7 million. The defendants were also alleged to have provided false information to investors, including falsely inflating the alleged value of mining interests in South America, and publishing false or misleading performance figures in the Financial Times. The defendants allegedly used investment monies to cover overhead and expenses, and for investments in failed mining interests in Argentina.

ICG's business declined precipitously when a Spanish newspaper article allegedly linked ICG to Osama bin Laden in 2001. The company failed in 2002.

The British Department of Trade and Industry disqualified Mr. Fraser and Mr. Brook from acting as directors of ICG for alleged unfit conduct relating to a failed hotel business in Morecambe, Lancashire, England. 

The Crown has attempted to prosecute Mr. Fraser and Mr. Brook three times over eight years. The first trial of Mr. Fraser and Mr. Brook two years ago ended in stalemate, forcing the judge to discharge the jury. The second trial was abandoned by the Serious Fraud Office (SFO) as a result of legal errors. The SFO has seven days in which to choose to seek a retrial, but has announced that it will cease its efforts to prosecute Mr. Fraser and Mr. Brook, the investigation and prosecution of whom has cost British taxpayers approximately £10 to £20 million.

A co-defendant, Bill Godley, pled guilty to a charge of conspiracy to defraud in 2007. Godley claimed to have posed as a dynamic entrepreneur and to have transformed ICG into an international business empire. Godley is expected to receive approximately three years in gaol.

Mr. Fraser's and Mr. Brook's former solicitor, Michael John Harvey, was struck off by the British Law Society in a disciplinary proceeding for alleged involvement in Mr. Fraser's and Mr. Brook's dealings.

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Posted on February 10, 2010 by Anthony Lake

British Aviation Firm Pleads Guilty in U.S. Court to Exporting Boeing 747 Aircraft to Iran

Balli Aviation Ltd., a subsidiary of United Kingdom-based Balli Group, PLC, pled guilty on Friday in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia to charges of illegally exporting Boeing 747 aircraft from the United States to Iran. Balli Aviation had agreed in a plea agreement to pay a $2 million fine and to be placed on corporate probation for five years, as reported on the PM Newswire. The information against the company alleged that, from 2005 through 2008, the company conspired to export three Boeing 747 aircraft to Iran without obtaining the required export licenses from the U.S. Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS), or required permission from the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). Balli Aviation was charged with purchasing the aircraft through a subsidiary, Blue Sky Companies, with financing from a private Iranian airline, Mahan Air, and with entering into a lease agreement with Mahan Air.

Balli Aviation and Balli Group announced on Friday that they have also reached a $15 million settlement of a parallel civil action with BIS and OFAC. Balli Aviation and Balli Group also had their export privileges revoked for five years, however this condition was suspended on the condition of the companies' payment of the civil penalty and refraining from committing any further violation of export laws. The companies must also submit to independent audits of their export compliance program for five years with the results being reviewed by BIS and OFAC. Former Chancellor of Britain, Lord Lamont, is a non-executive director for Balli Group.

Businesses considering engaging in trade abroad in countries which may be subject to sanctions or restrictions by the U.S. should examine both BIS' export control rules and requirements and OFAC's information on sanctions programs and also consult with counsel.

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