Federal Criminal Defense Blog : Georgia Federal Criminal Defense Lawyer & Attorney : Gillen Withers & Lake Law Firm : White Collar Crime, RICO, Trial : Atlanta, Savannah, GA

 Since the prosecution of former Illinois Governor Milorad R. “Rod” Blagojevich has rested its case, we take the opportunity to recap the testimony and evidence in the first 23 days of the trial, drawing upon the excellent coverage of the Chicago Tribune’s “Blagojevich on Trial” Blog, and also WGN-TV Team 9's Trial Coverage. For the serious follower of the trial, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia has also made available virtually all the pleadings, exhibits and recordings from the trial to the public, which may be perused here.

 Thursday, June 3, 2010: The trial of Blagojevich and his brother and co-defendant, Robert Blagojevich, begins in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois in Chicago, U.S. District Judge James Zagel presiding. Blagojevich’s attorney, Sheldon Sorosky confirms that the defense has subpoenaed numerous individuals, including U.S. Senator and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, U.S. Senator Dick Durbin, U.S. Representative Jesse Jackson, Jr., White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel and Presidential advisor Valerie Jarrett. Judge Zagel denies petitions from the media to disclose the identities of jurors. Jury selection begins.

Friday, June 4, 2010: Jury selection continues. Blagojevich speaks to media and states that he has been falsely accused, and will be vindicated.

Monday, June 7, 2010: Jury selection continues.

Tuesday, June 8, 2010: A jury of 11 women and seven men—12 jurors and six alternates—is selected. The defense files motion alleging that Blagojevich’s First Amendment right to free speech was “criminalized.” Judge Zagel rules that no “twittering” is allowed in the courtroom. Assistant U.S. Attorney Carrie Hamilton give opening statement for prosecution. Hamilton argues that Blagojevich had more than $200,000 in debt and viewed the election of former U.S. Senator for Illinois Barack Obama as President of the United States as a financial opportunity. The prosecution alleges that Blagojevich sought to be appointed Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and for millions of dollars in donations to a charitable organization which Blagojevich would control in exchange for appointing Valerie Jarrett to Obama’s vacant Senate seat. Hamilton argues that Blagojevich later sought $1 million from Jesse Jackson, Jr., in exchange for the appointment. Blagojevich viewed the vacancy as a “golden ticket.” The prosecution also argues that Blagojevich, convicted real estate developer Antoin “Tony” Rezko, Christopher Kelly and Blagojevich’s former Chief of Staff, Alonzo “Lon” Monk, conspired to extort kickbacks from companies seeking business from the state. Rezko allegedly made payments of $12,000 per month to Blagojevich’s wife, Patti Blagojevich. Blagojevich is also alleged to have extorted tens of thousands of dollars from Children’s Memorial Hospital in Chicago in exchange for obtaining reimbursements for the hospital, and to have attempted to extract campaign contributions from then-U.S. Representative Rahm Emanuel in exchange for a $2 million grant to a school in Emanuel’s district. Blagojevich attorney, Sam Adam, Jr., argues that Blagojevich didn’t receive a dime from the alleged scheme. Adam argues that Blagojevich was naïve in trusting others, including Rezko.

Wednesday, June 9, 2010: FBI agent Daniel Cain testifies regarding the investigations of Rezko and Blagojevich. Lon Monk, Blagojevich’s former campaign manager, who pled guilty to conspiring to solicit a bribe and is cooperating with the government, testifies to Blagojevich’s fundraising in the 2002 campaign. Monk testifies that Blagojevich, Rezko, Chris Kelly and Monk had a meeting in 2003 to discuss how to profit from action by the state. Rezko listed nine money-making ideas and the participants agreed to divide the profits equally. Kelly, who owned a roofing company, committed suicide in 2009, and the Court prohibited any mention of him to the jury. Monk testifies that he and Rezko also gave their opinions on who should receive senior positions in Blagojevich’s administration. He testifies that Blagojevich and Rezko obtained a $500,000 kickback from lobbyist Robert Kjellander in exchange for selecting Bear Stearns to sell a $10 billion pension bond deal in 2003. Monk testifies that Rezko tried to start an insurance company using his connections, the profits from which would be divided with Blagojevich and Monk.

Thursday, June 10, 2010: Lon Monk testifies regarding Blagojevich’s appointments of donors donating $25,000 or more to State boards and commissions. He states that Rezko allegedly “hired” Patti Blagojevich and paid her a $150,000 retainer, despite the fact that Ms. Blagojevich performed no work. Monk testifies that Blagojevich entered an agreement with Illinois State Senator and Senate President Emil Jones to not override Blagojevich’s veto of a bill which would have limited fundraising in campaigns for governor. The prosecution plays a recording of a telephone conversation between Blagojevich and Monk about getting $4 million in campaign fundraising, with Blagojevich yelling at Monk to contact prior donors to send $5,000 or whatever they can send. Prosecutors play recordings of telephone conversations, including a conversation in which Blagojevich and Monk discuss Jesse Jackson, Jr. Monk testifies that Blagojevich instructed him to attempt to obtain a $500,000 donation from Jerry Krozel, head of a road construction association, in exchange for announcing $5 billion in toll road funding, before a new ethics law banning such large donations took effect.

Photo from Cleveland.com

Monday, June 14, 2010: Monk testifies that he felt pressure to bring in campaign funds. He testifies that Blagojevich met with him in 2008 and said that he wanted to meet with race track owner John Johnston and obtain a $100,000 donation, allegedly in exchange for signing legislation which would save money for Illinois race tracks. The defense cross-examines Monk. Michael Ettinger, attorney for Robert Blagojevich, gets Monk to admit that Rod kept his brother out of the political end of things, including the meeting concerning Johnston. Sam Adam asked Monk whether it was a crime for a politician to accept a campaign contribution for state action if there was no quid pro quo, or something offered in exchange. Monk subsequently responded that it was not. Adam questioned Monk regarding whether Blagojevich had ever indicated that he would not sign the race track legislation if Johnston did not make a campaign contribution.

Tuesday, June 15, 2010: Blagojevich’s counsel continue their cross-examination of Monk. Monk admits that he occasionally lied to Blagojevich in order to stop Blagojevich from bothering him about fundraising. Monk repeatedly admits that he does not remember specifics of meetings with Blagojevich, Rezko and Kelly. The defense points out that Monk accepted several $10,000 cash gifts from Rezko allegedly in exchange for his involvement in the scheme, however Monk had signed a statement for the prosecution stating that the amounts were gifts with no quid pro quo attached. Monk admits that he lied to the FBI in an earlier interview. The defense tries to suggest that Blagojevich knew nothing about the cash or illegal acts involving Monk and Rezko. Monk admits that Blagojevich never told him he would withhold the funding for the toll roads if he did not receive a contribution. David Abel, a public finance quantitative technician, testifies regarding a meeting with Blagojevich, Kelly and staffers regarding the $10 billion pension bond issue. Abel admits on cross-examination that Bear Stearns was rated as highly qualified to do the deal. Vincent Mazzaro, a member of Bear Stearns’ municipal bond department, testifies that the manager of the department would have hired Robert Kjellander, who allegedly paid a $500,000 kickback to Rezko to ensure that Bear Stearns was selected as elite manager for the sale of the bonds. Kjellander would receive a “success fee,” in this case $809,000. Joseph Aramanda, a friend of Rezko’s, testifies that Kjellander loaned him hundreds of thousands of dollars at Rezko’s direction to support Papa John’s pizza franchises which Aramanda had purchased from Rezko. Aramanda testifies that Kjellander did not ask for any documentation for the loan. He testifies that Rezko contacted him following his receipt of the loan proceeds and asked him to pay various individuals and entities whom Rezko owed money to. Aramanda also testifies that Rezko told him he was involved in appointments for cabinet positions in Blagojevich’s administration, and offered Aramanda a position in the Illinois Department of Aging. Rezko also approached Aramanda about being a middleman between the Illinois Teachers Retirement System (TRS) and investment firms seeking to invest TRS monies. Aramanda testified that Rezko introduced him to Sheldon Perkin, another middle man, and that he and Perkin received $375,000 each from a $50 million investment deal between TRS and Glencoe Capital.

Wednesday, June 16, 2010: Joseph Aramanda testifies that Sheldon Perkin paid him $375,000, in three installments, on the TRS/Glencoe Capital, deal despite the fact that he did no work on the deal. Rezko asked Aramanda to divert $50,000 from the first installment to the sister of one of Rezko’s business associates. Aramanda testifies that Rezko told him that he could earn at least $1 million a year in finder’s fees for securing state pension monies for investment firms. Rezko told Aramanda that he would take a cut of the fees paid to Aramanda and would share them with Blagojevich, Lon Monk and Chris Kelly. Armanda stated that when Rezko told him about the arrangement, he became uncomfortable and withdrew from the agreement. Blagojevich attorney Michael Gillespie questions Aramanda about making a $10,000 contribution in 2004 to Barack Obama’s campaign for the U.S. Senate. The prosecution plays audio recordings of telephone conversations in which Blagojevich discusses the interest Illinois businessman Blair Hull, who donated $467,000 to Blagojevich’s 2002 campaign, in the vacant U.S. Senate seat. Blagojevich calls Hull “an idiot.” IRS agent Shari Schindler testifies that, in investigating Rezko, the government found monies going to Chris Kelly and River Realty, a company affiliated with Patti Blagojevich. Joseph Cari, a former national Democratic fundraiser, testifies that he had a conversation with Blagojevich in 2003 regarding Blagojevich running for president, in which Blagojevich told him he would approach businesses for contributions in exchange for awarding state business. The prosecution requests a gag order for Blagojevich and his counsel to prevent them from making public comments and influencing the jury. Judge Zagel states that he will take up the request later.

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The trial of Bear Stearns hedge fund managers Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin continues in the Eastern District of New York. The Court has heard five days of testimony from government witnesses and admitted voluminous documents, mostly e-mail messages, as reported by Dan Slater of the New York Times.

However, the case does not appear to be going as the government had envisioned, with its own witnesses failing to support the allegations in the government's indictment. Even presiding U.S. District Judge Frederic Block has appeared irritated with the prosecution, at one point commenting on the prosecution's introduction of so many documents.

Observers have noted that the government's alleged case against Cioffi and Tannin is built upon e-mails whose meaning often changes when placed in their surrounding context. For instance, the prosecution has introduced an alleged incriminating e-mail--and one which it has highly touted--an April 22, 2007, e-mail from Tannin to Cioffi in which Tannin allegedly stated that “the whole subprime market is toast.” However, as reported by the Times, Tannin also stated in the same e-mail:

Every so often I worry a bit that because you have been so spectacularly successful so far in almost every way, you might be taking this opportunity to second guess yourself. Well, just in case you are, don’t. At the end of the day, I think we will both be able to look at all that happened and all that we have done and learn from what has gone well as well as from what hasn’t … What a shame it would be for us to not take all we have learned and apply it going forward.

Tannin continued:

We have lived a full and exciting life in the midst of an increasing [net asset value] and I see no reason why the fullness and positive excitement we experience should be any different if the trajectory of NAV changes. On every level I did not think a mature person or any person who is at peace with themselves would allow NAV to be the determining factor in anything except their W2 calculation, and Turbo Tax seems to do that effortlessly.

Former Bear Stearns private client representative/broker George Buxton also testified for the government. Buxton had stated in a pre-trial interview with the government, in regard to the allegation that Cioffi had withdrawn $2 million of his own money from the hedge fund, that it was like “the captain beating the women and children off the boat.” However, while testifying on cross-examination last week, Buxton stated that he had been unaware that Cioffi had reinvested the withdrawn funds in another Bear Stearns fund and admitted that if he had been aware of this fact, he would not have made the "boat" comment. Furthermore, when prosecutor Ilene Jaroslaw asked Buxton whether portfolio managers who intentionally give investors false and misleading information were guilty of a crime, Judge Block sustained an objection by the defense and gave the prosecution a stern warning.

Finally, additional evidence that the prosecution may be having a more difficult road than expected comes in the form of a letter request by the prosecution to Judge Block to introduce evidence of alleged uncharged acts by Cioffi and Tannin, filed on Sunday. The letter takes issue with Cioffi's and Tannin's counsels' arguments in opening statements to the jury to the effect that it was implausible that Cioffi and Tannin suddenly "went criminal" after the hedge funds had experienced months of positive growth and one flat month. In response, the prosecution seeks to introduce alleged evidence that Cioffi and Tannin allegedly defrauded Busey Bank several months earlier, in December 2006. The government contends that Cioffi allegedly executed a pledge agreement with Tannin's signature in which Cioffi and Tannin allegedly falsely represented to the Bank that the Bear Stearns Asset Management (“BSAM”) had consented to Cioffi’s pledge of his entire investment in the Enhanced Fund, when in fact BSAM had allegedly not consented. The government seeks to present the testimony of Greg Quental, former Bear Stearns Global Head of
Hedge Funds and one of the highest ranking Bear Stearns executives apart from CEO Rich Marin, to show that BSAM allegedly did not consent, but that Cioffi and Tannin allegedly pledged Cioffi's investment anyway to obtain a $4.25 million line of credit.

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The trial of Bear Stearns hedge fund managers Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin got underway last week. As reported by attorney Jacob Zamansky in Forbes and the New York Daily News, the parties gave opening statements on Thursday. Assistant U.S. Attorney Patrick Sinclair argued that Bear Stearns financial officer Matthew Tannin allegedly told investors on 11 occasions that he was putting more of his own money into Bear Stearns’ troubled High-Grade Structured Credit Strategies Fund and High-Grade Structured Credit Enhanced Leveraged Fund. Tannin allegedly told investors that it would be “silly” to redeem their investments. Sinclair also told the jury that Cioffi failed to disclose to investors that he had transferred $2 million of his own money to another Bear Stearns fund. The prosecution cited alleged incriminating e-mails between Cioffi and Tannin in which the defendants allegedly acknowledged that the subprime mortgage market was “toast” and that they should “close the fund.” Sinclair argued that Cioffi’s and Tannin’s actions were allegedly to save their bonuses and reputations. He spoke to the jury for about 45 minutes.
 

In contrast, Cioffi’s attorney, Dane Butswinkas, delivered a two hour opening statement using charts and exhibits to show the complexity of Bear Stearns’ management structure, hedge funds and the operation of the collateralized debt obligation (CDO) market. Butswinkas argued that the defendants were the victims of market forces beyond their control and that the defendants did their best to predict the future performance of the market and the funds. Tannin’s counsel, Susan Brune, also spent approximately two hours explaining to the jury about hedge funds, CDOs and market risk. Brune attributed the failure of the funds on a “run on the bank” and argued that the funds’ investors were well aware of the risks. Brune characterized the prosecution’s theory as “I lost my money, therefore there has to be a fraud.” The defense argued that the e-mails were taken out of context, and that worrying about markets is not a crime.
 

Nearly 300 investors kept their investments in the hedge funds, which lost $1.4 billion in July of 2007. The two hedge funds had experienced positive growth until the preceding quarter, however an internal Bear Stearns report showed that securitized subprime mortgages were losing value fast.
 

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The trial of former Bear Stearns hedge fund managers Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin begins today in Brooklyn, as reported by Bloomberg. A jury will be selected today. 

Cioffi and Tannin are charged with allegedly causing losses of $1.4 billion to investors by misleading investors regarding the health of two Bear Stearns hedge funds, the Bear Stearns High-Grade Structured Credit Strategies Enhanced Leverage Master Fund Ltd. ("Enhanced Fund"). and the Bear Stearns High- Grade Structured Credit Strategies Master Fund Ltd. ("Master Fund"). Cioffi was a hedge fund manager and Tannin was an attorney who served as chief operating officer. They are charged with alleged conspiracy, securities fraud and wire fraud. Cioffi is also charged with alleged insider trading.

Cioffi's and Tannin's attorneys have argued that the collapse of Bear Stearns was actually the result of the failure of two other Bear Stearns hedge funds a year prior to the failure of the Enhanced Fund and the Master Fund.

U.S. Attorney Benton Campbell, a former member of the Justice Department’s Enron Corp. Task Force, and Assistant U.S. Attorney James McGovern, are leading the prosecution of Cioffi and Tannin. The prosecution alleges that Cioffi and Tannin were promoting the funds to investors while knowing that the health of the funds was in serious risk. The government has listed 38 witnesses and 532 exhibits which it intends to present at trial, however, the centerpiece of the government's evidence is expected to be Cioffi's and Tannin's own words in e-mails.Cioffi allegedly sent one e-mail on March 15, 2007, with the subject-line "Fear," stating that he was fearful of what the markets were going to do. In another e-mail, Tannin allegedly stated that if AAA bonds were downgraded, there would be no way for the funds to make money. Google released additional private e-mails to the government last week. Prosecutors allege that e-mails show Cioffi and Tannin allegedly boasting of how they were luring investors to invest more money in the funds at the same time they knew that the funds were in trouble. Witnesses for the government are expected to include Bear Stearns employees and investors in the hedge funds.

Cioffi is defended by attorney Brendan Sullivan, who won reversal of the charges against Alaska Senator Ted Stevens, as well as Margaret Keeley and Dane Butswinkas, all of Williams & Connolly LLP. Tannin is being represented by Susan Brune and Nina Beattie of Brune & Richard LLP. Commentators have observed that the e-mails by Cioffi and Tannin can be read in "many" ways.

A year following the failure of the funds, Bear Stearns itself failed and was purchased by JP Morgan Chase & Co. The failure of Bear Stearns was accompanied by failures of Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc., and AIG. Losses from U.S. banks and mortgage companies in the financial collapse total at least $396 billion.

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As reported by Chris Herring over at the Wall Street Journal Law Blog, the trial of former Bear Stearns hedge fund managers Matthew Tannin and Ralph Cioffi is scheduled to commence next Monday. And now the government has obtained Tannin's e-mails from his private Google account. Tannin had closed the Google account on the advice of his counsel. Prosecutors suspected that Tannin was hiding something. Google released the e-mails a few days ago. U.S. District Judge Frederic Block for the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York has ruled that since the e-mails have been released, the government cannot explore whether Tannin was trying to hide anything from investors in his personal e-mails, stating that it would confuse the jury and citing the fact that the government already intends to present 38 witnesses and over 500 exhibits in its case against the defendants.

E-mails between Tannin and Cioffi allegedly expressing concern over the health of the hedge funds have already been released to the public. The newly-produced e-mails are expected to reflect similar alleged concerns by the defendants.

As reported by CNN, Cioffi and Tannin are the only two persons to face criminal charges resulting from the worst financial crisis in U.S. history since the Great Depression. The defendants are alleged to have misled investors in two of Bear Stearns' hedge funds to believe that the condition of the funds was better than it in fact was. The hedge funds collapsed in the Spring of 2008, resulting in over $1 billion in losses to investors.

Legal observers have characterized Cioffi's and Tannin's prosecution as a "test case" and have cited the government's need to make an example to discourage similar conduct in the financial sector. Although Cioffi and Tannin may have offered the government what it believed to be its most clear cut case, commentators have noted it may be difficult to prove that Cioffi and Tannin possessed an alleged intent to defraud investors rather than merely being misguided or stupid, given the fact that very few foresaw the subprime mortgage crisis and the collapse of the market.

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Bear Stearns' woes from the financial crisis continue to grow. We have noted the prosecution of former Bear Stearns hedge fund managers Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin for alleged fraud. Now, as reported by Law.com, Bruce Sherman, CEO and Chief Investment Officer for Private Capital Management, L.P., which held approximately 5.9% of Bear Stearns' shares, has filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York against Bear Stearns, former CEO James Cayne, co-president Warren Spector and accounting firm Deloitte & Touche LLP, the complaint for which can be viewed here.

The complaint alleges that Mr. Cayne and Mr. Spector allegedly repeatedly and directly assured Mr. Sherman that Bear Stearns' valuations and "book value "of its assets were accurate when they allegedly knew that the valuations and book value were materially inflated. Plaintiff alleges that, in July 2007, Mr. Cayne and Mr. Spector allegedly assured Mr. Sherman that the substantial overvaluation of mortgages and mortgage-backed securities owned by two failed hedge funds managed by Bear Stearns (the ones managed by Mr. Cioffi and Mr. Tannin ) did not reflect overvaluation of other Bear Stearns assets, which the Defendants allegedly knew to be false. The complaint alleges that Mr. Cayne and Mr. Spector repeatedly assured Mr. Sherman that Bear Stearns' risk-management policies protected his investments, which they allegedly knew to be false. The suit also alleges that Bear Stearns allegedly materially and falsely misrepresented the value of its assets in its financial statements, and that Deloitte & Touche allegedly certified the false  financial statements.

The complaint alleges claims for violations of Sections 10(b), 18 and 20 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1394, as well as common law fraud. Mr. Sherman is represented by Boies Schiller & Flexner.

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The indictment against Bearn Stearns executives Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin is available here. Cioffi and Tannin are charged in the only major prosecution to date arising out of the collapse of numerous Wall Street firms beginning in 2007.

As related in the indictment, the Bear Stearns High Grade Structured Credit Strategies Fund Ltd. ("High Grade Fund") and the Bear Stearns High Grade Credit Strategies Enhanced Master Fund Ltd. ("Enhanced Fund") were hedge funds registered as a Cayman Island corporation. The High Grade Fund and the Enhanced Fund were brokered by Bear Stearns Securities Corporation (BSSC). Cioffi was the founder and Senior Portfolio Manager of the funds. Tannin was a Portfolio Manager who reported to Cioffi.

The indictment alleges that the High Grade Fund opened in 2003 and was invested in low-risk, high grade debt securities and collateralized debt obligations (CDOs). The fund purchased income earning assets through repurchase agreements. The indictment alleges that Cioffi and Tannin allegedly told investors that they could expect annual returns of 10 to 12 percent and that the fund was only slightly riskier than a money market fund.

By 2006, the performance of the High Grade Fund began to decline due to investors' threats to withdraw their investments. In response to this decline, Cioffi and Tannin allegedly created the Enhanced Fund, which was also invested in CDOs, but had greater leverage than the High Grade Fund and could allegedly provide greater returns than the High Grade Fund with only slightly more risk. Cioffi and Tannin had their own monies invested in the funds. In July, 2006, Cioffi and Tannin allegedly told investors that they were moving their funds from the High Grade Fund to the Enhanced Fund. Many investors allegedly moved their investments to the Enhanced Fund.

The Government acknowledges that the funds had positive monthly returns until January 2007. It alleges that in about March 2007, The indictment also alleges that Cioffi and Tannin owed duties to BSAM, the funds and the funds' investors. Cioffi and Tannin, despite allegedly knowing that the funds had serious problems, allegedly began to make misrepresentations to investors in hopes that the funds' incomes would recover. Cioffi and Tannin allegedly misrepresented material facts in communicationswith investors and lenders including the funds' financial prospects, liquidity and exposure to the subprime mortgage market, as well as Cioffi's and Tannin's personal investments in the funds. Cioffi allegedly had a meeting with the funds' portfolio management team in March of  2007 after which he instructed those attending the meeting not to discusse the funds' difficulties with others. The indictment cites communications between Cioffi, Tannin and others on the portfolio management team, in which they allegedly expressed concern over the condition of the funds.

Despite the condition of the funds, Cioffi and Tannin allegedly continued to make misrepresentations regarding the condition of the funds in hopes of enticing more investors and improving the financial condition of the funds. Furthermore, the indictment alleges that, beginning in March 2007, Cioffi allegedly began to transfer the more than $6 milion which he had invested in the funds to other Bear Stearns hedge funds without disclosing this fact to the funds investors.

 On April 17, 2007, the management team produced a CDO report which stated that the CDOs held by the funds were worth significantly less than had previously been determined. The indictment alleges that Cioffi and Tannin communicated regarding hiding the funds' troubles from other fund employees and allegedly made false statements regarding the financial condition of the funds during a conference call with investors on April 25, 2007. In the meantime, major investors in the funds were redeeming tens of millions from the funds. In June, 2007, investors in the funds were told that the funds had lost 100% of their value, or approximately $1.4 billion.

Cioffi and Tannin are charged in the Eastern District of New York with one count of conspiracy to commit securities fraud and wire fraud, three counts of securities fraud, and four counts of wire fraud, as well as a criminal forfeiture count against their real and personal property. Cioffi's and Tannin's trial is scheduled to begin on September 28.

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As is well known, Bear Stearns, one of the largest investment banks in the world, was sold to JP Morgan Chase and effectively ceased to exist in March of 2008, after two Bear Stearns hedge funds invested in collateralized debt obligations—mainly subprime home loans—and once worth approximately $1.6 billion, lost nearly all of their value. The collapse of Bear Stearns was the harbinger for a succession of massive failures of financial institutions, including Lehman Brothers, Merrill Lynch and AIG, triggering the current global recession.

As reported by New York Magazine, Reuters and the Daily Telegraph, two managers of the hedge funds, Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin were charged in June in the Eastern District of New York with several counts of wire and securities fraud for allegedly misleading investors regarding the status of the funds in the Spring of 2007. Cioffi, a hedge fund manager, and Tannin, the Chief Operating Officer of Bear Stearns Asset Management (BSAM), have pled not guilty. The collapse in value of the funds cost investors approximately $1.4 billion. When traders wanted to sell some of the funds’ subprime mortgages, no one wanted to buy them.

The trial of Cioffi and Tannin is set to begin in October. The evidence against Cioffi and Tannin consists largely of e-mails between them and investors describing the funds as “an awesome opportunity,” despite allegedly knowing that the funds had problems. Bear Stearns investors are expected to testify at the trial. Both men have consistently maintained their innocence. They face a potential 20 years in prison if convicted.

Cioffi is also charged with alleged insider trading for withdrawing $2 million of his own money from the funds. The government alleges that he engaged in hundreds of transactions involving the funds without the necessary approval by the fund’s directors and despite being warned about conflicts of interest. All trades between Bear Stearns, a securities firm, and BSAM, an asset management firm, were supposed to be vetted by an independent committee. In the Fall of 2006, Bear Stearns ordered a moratorium on such internal trades by Cioffi. Prosecutors sought to introduce evidence of Cioffi’s alleged insider trading in order to demonstrate how Cioffi allegedly operated.

British bank Barclays, a shareholder of one of the funds, also filed suit against Cioffi and Tannin for alleged fraud, however, the suit has been withdrawn.

The prosecution of Cioffi and Tannin makes conspicuously noticeable the fact that no senior executives from Bear, Lehman Brothers, AIG, etc., have been charged with any wrongdoing in the fallout from the financial crisis.

 

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